Cancer, which has become a daunting chronic disease, has become increasingly prevalent in recent years, and if detected and diagnosed early, many patients can be cured.
However, patients with a clear clinical diagnosis of cancer are often locally advanced or have existing distant metastases.
Often, there are no specific symptoms in the early stage of cancer, so that patients cannot seek treatment in time, and when they do, it is often too late. Therefore, how to recognize early symptoms of cancer is crucial to improve patients' prognosis. We call these related symptoms and signs "signs" or "warnings", and if we can read these signals, we can make timely diagnosis and treatment.
What are the signs and symptoms associated with cancer? This big shot article is worthy of your collection.
Cough, hemoptysis, chest pain - lung cancer?
Early-stage lung cancer often has no obvious symptoms, and most early lung cancers are discovered by physical examination.
When the disease progresses to the middle and late stage, irritating dry cough, blood in sputum, chest pain, fever, shortness of breath, and other symptoms often appear. For patients with chronic bronchitis, long-term smokers, and asbestos workers, the incidence rate of lung cancer is higher than the general public, so regular physical examination is needed for early detection and treatment.
Recommended examination: chest X-ray, low-dose spiral CT, lung cancer susceptibility gene test.
High-risk groups:
Long-term exposure to environmental pollution, long-term smokers, second-hand smoke (passive smoking).
Toxic jobs (physical, chemical carcinogens, etc.).
Chronic lung diseases (tuberculosis, silicosis, pneumoconiosis, etc.).
Internal factors in the body (such as family history, reduced immune function, and endocrine dysfunction).
Upper abdominal pain, loss of appetite - stomach cancer?
As the disease progresses, symptoms of indigestion, such as abdominal distension, discomfort or vague pain, acid reflux, belching, loss of appetite, etc., may appear gradually, which may be overlooked by most patients as chronic gastritis or gastric ulcer.
Therefore, patients with symptoms such as upper abdominal discomfort or vague pain and a history of previous H. pylori infection, smoky food, chronic gastric disease, and the gastric ulcer should be admitted to the hospital for early examination and regular gastroscopy.
Recommended examination: gastroscopy, gastric cancer susceptibility gene test.
High-risk groups.
A family history of gastric and esophageal cancer.
History of chronic gastritis, gastric polyps, peptic ulcers.
People with poor dietary habits: e.g. those who like hot, acidic, spicy, and other irritating food, smoked, fried, and hard food, irregular and overeating diets, frequent consumption of food that may be moldy, etc...
Heavy alcohol consumption, over 40 years of age.
Stress, chronic depression, and anxiety.
Change in bowel habits, bloody stools - colorectal cancer?
Early symptoms of colorectal cancer are not obvious, or they may only include loss of appetite and fecal occult blood.
As cancer progresses, the symptoms gradually appear, such as changes in bowel habits, abdominal pain, blood in the stool, and weight loss. As friction between stool and lump can easily cause bleeding, it is often mistaken as "hemorrhoid" and delayed diagnosis and treatment.
If the above symptoms persist for a longer period of time or cannot be relieved by general treatment, you should also be promptly admitted to the hospital.
Recommended tests: colonoscopy, finger-anal examination, colorectal cancer susceptibility gene test.
High-risk groups.
People with a chronic intake of foods high in fat, protein, and calories.
Over 40 years of age, chronic intake of alcohol, fried foods, etc...
Those with chronic ulcerative colitis, colorectal adenomas, familial colorectal adenomatosis, and colorectal polyps.
A family history of colorectal cancer: familial adenopathy polyposis, hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer.
Any bleeding, change in bowel habits, persistent diarrhea, constipation, etc. should undergo other tests such as colonoscopy.
Pain in the liver area, anorexia, loss of appetite - liver cancer?
Liver cancer is called the "king of cancers". More than half of liver cancer patients are usually in the middle and late stage when it is discovered.
Most early liver cancer patients have no symptoms or signs, and most of them have hepatitis or cirrhosis themselves. When liver discomfort, poor appetite, and other manifestations appear, they do not pay enough attention to it and liver cancer develops rapidly and has a high mortality rate.
Pain or discomfort in the upper right abdomen is the first symptom of liver cancer, which may gradually lead to abdominal distension, loss of appetite, abdominal mass, jaundice, weight loss, and other symptoms. In China, most liver cancers are related to hepatitis B virus infection, so for these people, they should form the habit of regular checkups.
Recommended checkup: half-yearly checkup, including liver color ultrasound and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP).
High-risk groups.
History of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C.
Have a family history of diagnosed liver cancer.
Men over 30 years of age and chronic alcoholics.
Patients with fatty liver, cirrhosis of the liver.
Those who consume pickled, smoked, or moldy foods over a long period of time.
Choking sensation from swallowing - esophageal cancer?
Symptoms of early esophageal cancer are often not obvious and easily overlooked by patients.
As the disease progresses, symptoms such as posterior sternal discomfort, the mild choking sensation when swallowing, foreign body sensation, etc. may occur intermittently or repeatedly, even for several years. At present, the treatment of esophageal cancer is a comprehensive treatment based on surgery. Early detection and early treatment of esophageal cancer can significantly prolong patients' lives.
Recommended Examination: Gastroscopy
High-risk groups:
Family genetic history.
Love of hot food and hot tea.
Love kimchi with carcinogenic nitrites often eats moldy, smoky, spicy foods.
Breast lumps, nipple changes - breast cancer?
The most common symptom of breast cancer is a painless and progressive lump, usually a single lump in one breast.
This is the most common first symptom of painless and progressive breast growth and is usually seen as a single lump on one side of the breast.
Recommended examination: Mammogram, Mammography
High-risk groups:
Women with a family history of breast cancer.
Women with early (<12 years) or late (>55 years) menarche.
(a) Not having children, having children at a later age (after the age of 35 for the first child), or not breastfeeding.
The presence of atypical hyperplasia of the milk ducts and lobules.
Frequent use of products containing hormones.
Bleeding after intercourse - cervical cancer?
Cervical cancer is common in women over the age of 40 and is a common malignancy in women. Early-stage cancer usually has no specific symptoms and is often found during physical examination.
Patients often complain of contact bleeding after sexual intercourse or after gynecological examination, and may also have discomforts such as increased vaginal discharge and lower abdominal cramps. Patients with persistent high-risk HPV infection should undergo regular gynecologic examinations to seek early treatment.
Recommended tests: TCT (liquid-based cytology test), HPV-DNA (human papillomavirus test), tests found positive for high-risk HPV or TCT abnormalities, a colposcopy can be done, if necessary, to take tissue from the cervix for pathological histological diagnosis.
High-risk groups:
Persistent infection with high-risk subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) is the leading cause of cervical cancer. Of these, HPV16 and HPV18, accounting for about 70 percent of cervical cancers.
Women who have early sexual intercourse, women who have multiple pregnancies and premature births, women who have multiple sexual partners themselves, or whose spouses have multiple sexual partners.
Women with a history of genital human papillomavirus, herpes simplex virus, HIV infection, or other sexually transmitted diseases.
Women who smoke, use drugs, and suffer from malnutrition.
Women with cervical lesions (chronic cervicitis, cervical precancerous lesions, etc.).
Those with a family history of cervical cancer.
Abdominal pain, jaundice - pancreatic cancer?
Patients with pancreatic cancer often have no obvious clinical manifestations in the early stage of the disease, and when they show clear signs, it is often progressive or late stage, and the prognosis is extremely poor.
Patients with pancreatic head cancer may appear jaundice at an early stage and seek consultation; patients with pancreatic tail cancer may have abdominal pain, upper abdominal fullness, weight loss, and other symptoms to a certain extent.
Recommended Examination: Color ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI
High-risk groups.
Chronic smoking and alcohol consumption.
Patients with chronic pancreatic disease.
Diabetics.
Fever, anemia, purpura - leukemia?
Leukemia is a malignant tumor of the blood system, which may cause unexplained fever, fatigue, anemia, weight loss, muscle or bone pain, and other discomforts, as well as nosebleeds and gum, bleeding, accompanied by enlargement of the liver, spleen, and lymph nodes. If any of these phenomena occur, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible.
Recommended examination: blood routine
High-risk groups:
(a) Prolonged or chronic exposure to certain chemical reagents or drugs.
Persons with congenital, hereditary diseases.
Those who inhale large amounts of renovation pollution gases.
Painlessly enlarged lymph nodes - lymphoma?
Painless, progressive enlargement of superficial lymph nodes is an early sign of lymphoma, which may be accompanied by fever, fatigue, itching, and other discomforts. If there is unexplained prolonged fever, night sweat, weight loss, or a painless enlargement of lymph nodes, the patient should go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible to make a clear diagnosis.
Recommended examination: color ultrasound, CT scan, blood test, biopsy.
High-risk groups.
People who are under stress at work, often stay up late and are chronically overworked.
(a) Persons who are regularly exposed to electronic radiation or a radiation environment.
Those who regularly use poor quality hair dyes, and those who are frequently exposed to chemicals containing benzene or organic solvents.
The early detection of cancer, in addition to the government's attention, medical unit screening, but also depends on everyone to be vigilant, learn to self-examine, self-detection; hope that more patients and families can benefit from the early detection of cancer.
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